how did steam locomotives lower the cost of transporting raw materials and finished goods??

TLDR: Steam locomotives significantly reduced transportation costs for raw materials and finished goods through their speed, efficiency, and increased capacity. They transformed trade and commerce by connecting distant markets, facilitating economic growth, and enhancing supply chain reliability.

The introduction of steam locomotives in the early 19th century revolutionized transportation, drastically lowering costs and improving efficiency. Unlike previous methods, such as horse-drawn carts, steam locomotives could transport large quantities of goods much faster, reducing delivery times and associated inventory costs. Their ability to operate continuously without the need for rest allowed for a reliable flow of goods, further decreasing transportation expenses.

Moreover, steam locomotives expanded markets by connecting rural areas to urban centers, fostering economic growth and regional development. The establishment of a nationwide railway network not only streamlined logistics but also standardized practices, enhancing overall efficiency. Despite some challenges, such as high initial railway construction costs and environmental concerns, the economic benefits of steam locomotives far outweighed these issues, laying the groundwork for modern transportation systems.